备份与还原是数据库避不开的主题，而作为DBA，经常会面临将一台机器上的所有数据库重新构建到一台新机器上的要求；
在现在都讲究自动化管理的时代，传统的界面操作备份还原的做法不仅浪费时间和精力，而且还很容易出错，并且这次完成后，
下次再有这样的要求，必须又重头开始（估计做5次就能做得人狂吐）；于是，我们需要一套应对这种频繁操作、耗时、耗精力
的通用处理方法，所以以下批处理脚本就诞生了。
脚本主要的功能：
1. 备份一个服务器上的所有数据库（当然你也可以选择），备份文件按数据库名+日期生成，以.bak 结尾；
2. 将所有的备份文件还原到一台新机器上；
3. 验证磁盘和路径的正确性；
说明：
脚本合适 SQLServer 2005 & 2008 版本；
批量备份数据库：
-----------------------------批量备份数据------------------------------------------- Use master GO /*=================Usp_BackUp_DataBase======================== =====BackUp Sigle DataBase ====== =====Ken.Guo ====== =====2010.9.10 ====== =====Version: 2005 & 2008 SQL Server ====== =====EXEC Usp_BackUp_DataBase 'MyDB','D:\BackUp' ====== ============================================================ */ CREATE PROC [dbo].[Usp_BackUp_DataBase] @DatabaseName nvarchar(200),@Path nvarchar(200) AS BEGIN DECLARE @fn varchar(200) ,@sql varchar(1000) SET @fn = @Path +(case when right(@Path,1) <>'\' then '\' else '' end) +@DatabaseName+'_' +convert(char(8),getdate(),112)+'_' +replace(convert(char(8),getdate(),108),':','') +'.bak' set @sql = 'backup database '+@DatabaseName + ' to disk = N''' + @fn + '''' --SELECT @sql EXEC(@sql) END GO Use master GO /*=============BackUp Mutile DataBase=========================*/ DECLARE @dbname nvarchar(200) ,@backup_path nvarchar(200) SET @backup_path='D:\BackUp\' DECLARE db_info CURSOR LOCAL STATIC READ_ONLY FORWARD_ONLY FOR --根据查询，添加其他筛选条件 SELECT name FROM master.sys.databases WITH(NOLOCK) WHERE database_id>4 OPEN db_info FETCH NEXT FROM db_info INTO @dbname WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0 begin EXEC master.dbo.Usp_BackUp_DataBase @dbname,@backup_path FETCH NEXT FROM db_info INTO @dbname END close db_info deallocate db_info ---------------------------------BackUp DataBase End------------------------------------
检查还原磁盘：
Use master GO /*=================Check Restore Path Drives Exists========================== =====Ken.Guo ====== =====2010.9.10 ====== =====EXEC Usp_Check_DriveExists @RestoreDataPath,@ResultCount OUTPUT ====== =========================================================================== */ CREATE PROC Usp_Check_DriveExists( @RestoreDataPath nvarchar(200) ,@ResultCount int OUTPUT) AS BEGIN --Check Restore Path and Size >1000M if CHARINDEX(':',@RestoreDataPath)>0 begin DECLARE @Drive nvarchar(10) ,@errorinfo nvarchar(500) DECLARE @DriveList TABLE ( Drive nvarchar(10) ,DSize bigint ) INSERT INTO @DriveList EXEC master.dbo.xp_fixeddrives SET @Drive=Left(@RestoreDataPath,CHARINDEX(':',@RestoreDataPath)-1) if not exists(SELECT * FROM @DriveList WHERE Drive=@Drive AND DSize>1024 ) begin set @errorinfo=N'找不到还原磁盘:'+@Drive+N' ，或者磁盘剩余空间小于1G' RAISERROR 50001 @errorinfo set @ResultCount=0 return end end else if(LEN(@RestoreDataPath)>1) AND CHARINDEX(':',@RestoreDataPath)=0 begin set @errorinfo=N'还原路径错误:'+@RestoreDataPath+N'，必须包含":" 号' Raiserror 50001 @errorinfo set @ResultCount= 0 return end set @ResultCount= 1 end GO 还原单个数据库：
Use master GO /*=================Usp_RestoreDataBaseFormPath======================================= =====Restore Single DataBase From a Back File ====== =====Ken.Guo ====== =====2010.9.10 ====== =====Version: 2005 & 2008 SQL Server ====== =====Usp_RestoreDataBaseFormPath 'D:\databack\dbcenter.bak','D:\Data',0 ====== =====Key Point Info: ====== --Restore HeaderOnly from disk='D:\data\xx.bak' --Restore FileListOnly from disk='D:\data\xx.bak' =================================================================================== */ CREATE PROC Usp_RestoreDataBaseFormPath (@DatabBaseBakPath nvarchar(400), @RestoreDataPath nvarchar(400)='', --RESTORE DATABASE PATH @IsRun smallint=0 -- 0 PRINT 1 run ) AS BEGIN set nocount on declare @dbname nvarchar(200),@SQL nvarchar(4000),@DirSQL nvarchar(1000),@errorinfo nvarchar(300) --add path \ if (@RestoreDataPath is not null) and len(@RestoreDataPath)>1 and (right(@RestoreDataPath,1)<>'\') set @RestoreDataPath=@RestoreDataPath+'\' declare @checkdrive int set @checkdrive=1 exec master.dbo.Usp_Check_DriveExists @RestoreDataPath,@checkdrive output if(@checkdrive<>1) Goto ExitFLag DECLARE @BakFileList TABLE ( LogicalName nvarchar(128) ,PhysicalName nvarchar(260) ) DECLARE @BakHeaderInfo TABLE ( DatabaseName nvarchar(128) ) if Charindex('Microsoft SQL Server 2008',@@VERSION)>0 begin --SQL Server 2008 DECLARE @BakFileList2008 TABLE ( LogicalName nvarchar(128) ,PhysicalName nvarchar(260) ,Type char(1) ,FileGroupName nvarchar(128) ,SIZE numeric(20,0) ,MaxSize numeric(20,0) ,FileID bigint ,CreateLSN numeric(25,0) ,DropLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,UniqueID uniqueidentifier ,ReadOnlyLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,ReadWriteLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,BackupSizeInBytes bigint ,SourceBlockSize int ,FileGroupID int ,LogGroupGUID uniqueidentifier NULL ,DifferentialBaseLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,DifferentialBaseGUID uniqueidentifier ,IsReadOnly bit ,IsPresent bit ,TDEThumbprint varbinary(32) ) INSERT INTO @BakFileList2008 EXEC sp_executesql N'Restore FileListOnly From Disk=@DatabBaseBakPath',N'@DatabBaseBakPath nvarchar(260)',@DatabBaseBakPath DECLARE @BakHeaderInfo2008 TABLE ( BackupName nvarchar(128) ,BackupDescription nvarchar(255) ,BackupType smallint ,ExpirationDate datetime ,Compressed tinyint ,POSITION smallint ,DeviceType tinyint ,UserName nvarchar(128) ,ServerName nvarchar(128) ,DatabaseName nvarchar(128) ,DatabaseVersion int ,DatabaseCreationDate datetime ,BackupSize numeric(20,0) ,FirstLSN numeric(25,0) ,LastLSN numeric(25,0) ,CheckpointLSN numeric(25,0) ,DatabaseBackupLSN numeric(25,0) ,BackupStartDate datetime ,BackupFinishDate datetime ,SortOrder smallint ,CodePage smallint ,UnicodeLocaleId int ,UnicodeComparisonStyle int ,CompatibilityLevel tinyint ,SoftwareVendorId int ,SoftwareVersionMajor int ,SoftwareVersionMinor int ,SoftwareVersionBuild int ,MachineName nvarchar(128) ,Flags int ,BindingID uniqueidentifier ,RecoveryForkID uniqueidentifier ,COLLATION nvarchar(128) ,FamilyGUID uniqueidentifier ,HasBulkLoggedData bit ,IsSnapshot bit ,IsReadOnly bit ,IsSingleUser bit ,HasBackupChecksums bit ,IsDamaged bit ,BeginsLogChain bit ,HasIncompleteMetaData bit ,IsForceOffline bit ,IsCopyOnly bit ,FirstRecoveryForkID uniqueidentifier ,ForkPointLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,RecoveryModel nvarchar(60) ,DifferentialBaseLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,DifferentialBaseGUID uniqueidentifier ,BackupTypeDescription nvarchar(60) ,BackupSetGUID uniqueidentifier NULL ,CompressedBackupSize numeric(20,0) ) INSERT INTO @BakHeaderInfo2008 EXEC sp_executesql N'Restore HeaderOnly From Disk=@DatabBaseBakPath',N'@DatabBaseBakPath nvarchar(260)',@DatabBaseBakPath insert into @BakHeaderInfo(DatabaseName) select DatabaseName from @BakHeaderInfo2008 insert into @BakFileList(LogicalName ,PhysicalName) select LogicalName ,PhysicalName from @BakFileList2008 end else begin --SQL Server 2005 DECLARE @BakFileList2005 TABLE ( LogicalName nvarchar(128) ,PhysicalName nvarchar(260) ,Type char(1) ,FileGroupName nvarchar(128) ,SIZE numeric(20,0) ,MaxSize numeric(20,0) ,FileID bigint ,CreateLSN numeric(25,0) ,DropLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,UniqueID uniqueidentifier ,ReadOnlyLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,ReadWriteLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,BackupSizeInBytes bigint ,SourceBlockSize int ,FileGroupID int ,LogGroupGUID uniqueidentifier NULL ,DifferentialBaseLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,DifferentialBaseGUID uniqueidentifier ,IsReadOnly bit ,IsPresent bit ) INSERT INTO @BakFileList2005 EXEC sp_executesql N'Restore FileListOnly From Disk=@DatabBaseBakPath',N'@DatabBaseBakPath nvarchar(260)',@DatabBaseBakPath DECLARE @BakHeaderInfo2005 TABLE ( BackupName nvarchar(128) ,BackupDescription nvarchar(255) ,BackupType smallint ,ExpirationDate datetime ,Compressed tinyint ,POSITION smallint ,DeviceType tinyint ,UserName nvarchar(128) ,ServerName nvarchar(128) ,DatabaseName nvarchar(128) ,DatabaseVersion int ,DatabaseCreationDate datetime ,BackupSize numeric(20,0) ,FirstLSN numeric(25,0) ,LastLSN numeric(25,0) ,CheckpointLSN numeric(25,0) ,DatabaseBackupLSN numeric(25,0) ,BackupStartDate datetime ,BackupFinishDate datetime ,SortOrder smallint ,CodePage smallint ,UnicodeLocaleId int ,UnicodeComparisonStyle int ,CompatibilityLevel tinyint ,SoftwareVendorId int ,SoftwareVersionMajor int ,SoftwareVersionMinor int ,SoftwareVersionBuild int ,MachineName nvarchar(128) ,Flags int ,BindingID uniqueidentifier ,RecoveryForkID uniqueidentifier ,COLLATION nvarchar(128) ,FamilyGUID uniqueidentifier ,HasBulkLoggedData bit ,IsSnapshot bit ,IsReadOnly bit ,IsSingleUser bit ,HasBackupChecksums bit ,IsDamaged bit ,BeginsLogChain bit ,HasIncompleteMetaData bit ,IsForceOffline bit ,IsCopyOnly bit ,FirstRecoveryForkID uniqueidentifier ,ForkPointLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,RecoveryModel nvarchar(60) ,DifferentialBaseLSN numeric(25,0) NULL ,DifferentialBaseGUID uniqueidentifier ,BackupTypeDescription nvarchar(60) ,BackupSetGUID uniqueidentifier NULL ) INSERT INTO @BakHeaderInfo2005 EXEC sp_executesql N'Restore HeaderOnly From Disk=@DatabBaseBakPath',N'@DatabBaseBakPath nvarchar(260)',@DatabBaseBakPath insert into @BakHeaderInfo(DatabaseName) select DatabaseName from @BakHeaderInfo2005 insert into @BakFileList(LogicalName ,PhysicalName) select LogicalName ,PhysicalName from @BakFileList2005 end --Check back file info if not exists (select 1 from @BakFileList) OR not exists (select 1 from @BakHeaderInfo) begin set @errorinfo=N'取不到备份文件:'+@DatabBaseBakPath+N' 的信息，请检查备份文件是否正确或者版本是否兼容' Raiserror 50001 @errorinfo Goto ExitFLag end --Get DataBase Name SELECT TOP 1 @dbname=databasename FROM @BakHeaderInfo if exists (select 1 from master.sys.databases with(nolock) where name=@dbname) begin set @errorinfo=N'数据库：'+@dbname+N'已经存在，不能还原' Raiserror 50001 @errorinfo Goto ExitFLag end DECLARE @LogicalName nvarchar(200),@PhysicalName nvarchar(400) ,@pos int ,@endpos int,@LastPhysicalName nvarchar(400) DECLARE db_file CURSOR LOCAL READ_ONLY FORWARD_ONLY STATIC FOR SELECT LogicalName ,PhysicalName FROM @BakFileList OPEN db_file set @DirSQL='' set @SQL=+N'RESTORE DATABASE '+QUOTENAME(@dbname)+' from disk=N'''+@DatabBaseBakPath+'''' set @SQL=@SQL+char(13)+Char(10)+N' WITH FILE=1 ' FETCH NEXT FROM db_file INTO @LogicalName,@PhysicalName WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0 begin ---Get DB PhysicalName set @endpos=0 while CHARINDEX('\',@PhysicalName)>0 begin set @pos=CHARINDEX('\',@PhysicalName,@endpos) if(@pos=0) break; set @endpos=@pos+1; end --create new db path if(len(@RestoreDataPath)>1) begin set @PhysicalName=@RestoreDataPath+@dbname+'\'+SUBSTRING(@PhysicalName,@endpos,LEN(@PhysicalName)-@endpos+1) set @DirSQL=N'EXEC master.sys.xp_create_subdir N'''+@RestoreDataPath+@dbname+'''' END else begin if len(@DirSQL)<1 OR (SUBSTRING(@PhysicalName,1,@endpos-1)<>@LastPhysicalName) if(len(@DirSQL)<1) set @DirSQL=N'EXEC master.sys.xp_create_subdir N'''+SUBSTRING(@PhysicalName,1,@endpos-1)+'''' else set @DirSQL=@DirSQL+char(13)+N'EXEC master.sys.xp_create_subdir N'''+SUBSTRING(@PhysicalName,1,@endpos-1)+'''' ---Check Drives set @checkdrive=1 exec master.dbo.Usp_Check_DriveExists @PhysicalName,@checkdrive output if(@checkdrive<>1) Goto ExitFLag set @LastPhysicalName=SUBSTRING(@PhysicalName,1,@endpos-1); END set @SQL=@SQL+char(13)+Char(10)+N' ,Move N'''+@LogicalName+''''+' TO N'''+@PhysicalName+'''' FETCH NEXT FROM db_file INTO @LogicalName,@PhysicalName end set @SQL=@SQL+char(13)+Char(10)+N' ,NOUNLOAD,Recovery,STATS = 10' if(@IsRun=0) print( @DirSQL+char(13)+char(10)+'GO'+char(13)+Char(10)+@SQL+char(13)) else begin print('-----------Begin Restore Database:'+@dbname+'------------------') exec(@DirSQL) exec(@SQL) print('-----------End Restore Database:'+@dbname+'---------------------'+char(13)) end close db_file deallocate db_file ExitFLag: set nocount off end 批量还原数据库：
Use master GO /*=================Usp_RestoreMuiteDataBaseFromPath======================== =====Restore Mutite DataBase File From a Path ====== =====Ken.Guo ====== =====2010.9.10 ====== =====Version: 2005 & 2008 SQL Server ====== =====EXEC Usp_RestoreMuiteDataBaseFromPath 'D:\databack','',0 ====== ========================================================================= */ CREATE PROC Usp_RestoreMuiteDataBaseFromPath ( @DatabBaseBakPath nvarchar(400) ,@RestoreDataPath nvarchar(400)='' --RESTORE DATABASE PATH ,@IsRun smallint=0 -- 0 PRINT 1 run ) AS BEGIN set nocount on DECLARE @BackUpFileName nvarchar(200) ,@DbName nvarchar(200) ,@errorinfo nvarchar(400) IF not exists(SELECT 1 FROM master.sys.procedures WITH(NOLOCK) WHERE name=N'Usp_RestoreDataBaseFormPath' ) begin Raiserror 50001 N'找不到存储过程SP_RestoreDataBaseFormPath ' Goto ExitFLag end --add path \ if (@DatabBaseBakPath is not null) and len(@DatabBaseBakPath)>1 and (right(@DatabBaseBakPath,1)<>'\') set @DatabBaseBakPath=@DatabBaseBakPath+'\' --Check Restore Path and Size >1000M DECLARE @checkdrive int SET @checkdrive=1 EXEC master.dbo.Usp_Check_DriveExists @RestoreDataPath,@checkdrive OUTPUT IF(@checkdrive<>1) Goto ExitFLag DECLARE @Dir TABLE ( BackDBFileName nvarchar(100) ,DEPTH int ,[File] int ) INSERT INTO @Dir EXEC xp_dirtree @DatabBaseBakPath ,1 ,1 DELETE FROM @Dir WHERE charindex('.bak',BackDBFileName)=0 if not exists (select top 1 1 from @Dir) begin Raiserror 50001 N'在提供的路径下没有找到合符要求的备份文件' Goto ExitFLag end declare db_file Cursor Local Static Read_Only Forward_Only for select BackDBFileName from @Dir Open db_file Fetch Next from db_file into @BackUpFileName while @@FETCH_STATUS=0 begin --Restore DataBase set @BackUpFileName=@DatabBaseBakPath+@BackUpFileName exec master.dbo.Usp_RestoreDataBaseFormPath @BackUpFileName,@RestoreDataPath,@IsRun Fetch Next from db_file into @BackUpFileName end Close db_file deallocate db_file ExitFLag: set nocount off end